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Volumetric flasks are mainly used
for preparation of highly accurate
solutions.
First add the exact weight of the
product inside the flask. Fill the flask
about half the volume and mix the
content.
Then fill again until the level reaches
a bit lower than calibration ring mark.
Adjust the temperature of flask and
the content to 20°C.
Add a little more liquid so that the
meniscus will be exactly at the same
level of the ring mark.
Pay attention to read the meniscus
at the eye level also not to wet the
inner neck wall above the ring mark.
how to use
volumetric flasks
Cylinders are mainly used for
the exact measurement of liquid
volumes.
First fill the cylinder with liquid
and wait until the residual liquid on
the wall will to filter down.
Then read the volume level from
the cylinders volume graduation
chart.
Pay attention to read the volume
level at the eye level. Do not wet
the inner neck wall above the
calibration mark.
how to use
measuring cylinders
Fill the burette a bit higher than
the “0” level.
To activate the stopcock, drain
the solution but never below the
“0” mark.
Pay attention there will be no air
bubbles left in the burette.
Fill more solution above 10 mm
of the “0” mark. Do not wet the
burette wall above the liquid level.
By focusing the meniscus at eye
level drain the solution to the exact
“0” mark.
Wipe off the drops at the
stopcock tip and slowly start the
titration. When color changes stop
the titration and wait for the 30
seconds.
Wipe off the remaining drop
since this is also the part of the
measured volume.
how to use
burettes
Fill the liquid max 5 mm above
the volume mark. Wipe off the outer
surface of the pipette.
Hold the pipette at eye level and
place the tip to the wall of a beaker
with a slight angle.
Discharge the access volume
until the meniscus reaches the
calibration mark.
When the level of the liquid
reaches to the tip wait according
to waiting time.
When the waiting time is over,
wipe the tip gently pulling upwards
on the beaker wall and transfer the
liquid.
If there is still any residual liquid
left in the tip, never blow out.
how to use
pipettes
Carefully weigh the empty and
well dried density bottle.
Fill the bottle up to 2/3 of the
neck level while avoiding air
bubbles.
Adjust the bottle temperature to
20°C in a thermostatic bath.
Insert the stopper of the bottle
carefully. The capillary of the
stopper will discharge the liquid.
Dry the body of the bottle and
the stopper carefully by wiping with
a tissue paper. Pay attention not
to remove any liquid from the
capillary tube.
The liquid inside of the bottle
should exactly be at the same level
with the upper end of the capillary
tube.
Final step is weighing the filled
density bottle and calculating the
density.
how to use
density bottles
Mixing cylinders are mainly used
for the exact measurement of liquid
volumes.
First fill the cylinder with liquid
and wait until the residual liquid on
the wall will to filter down.
Then read the volume level from
the cylinders volume graduation
chart.
Later add the precise weight of
the substance and dissolve it by
shaking the cylinder.
how to use
mixing cylinders